L - P

Planning by utilities to ensure that electric generators operate as scheduled, based upon load forecasts (also, operating a generator to balance short-term load fluctuations)

In the Midwest PTPs are defined as either obligations or options that are directional and entitle the owner of a PTP to be paid the difference in the congestion components of the locational prices between the specific point or points of receipt and the...

Reducing electricity use from the grid during peak periods to increase reliability and moderate the energy-clearing price during system-wide peak demand; reducing electric load or using qualifying emergency generators on the customer side of the meter.

A state agency (often called a department of public utility control, public service commission, etc.) comprised of elected or appointed regulators that oversees utility (including electric, gas, telecom, taxi, weights and measures and the like) rates...

Pricing electricity to include the costs of transmission losses, congestion and the local costs of generation (also called location-based pricing)

Enacted by Congress, it prohibits acquisition of any wholesale or retail electric business through a holding company, unless the business forms part of an integrated public utility system when combined with the utility's other electric business, and...

A transmission or distribution utility that has contractual or regulatory obligations to connect its load to the transmission grid

Enacted by Congress, it encourages utilities to pursue more conservation and energy efficiency, and requires connections and power purchases at avoided cost rates from qualifying facilities (QFs)

The difference between net capacity (a system's total capacity resources) and net internal demand, that is generally expressed in MW for operating reserves and as a percentage of either system load or installed generating capacity for planning reserves

The cost of providing additional electricity; "The competitive price of a MWh of electricity is equal to the additional amount it would cost to generate an additional MWh, once all current demand is met. This additional cost is commonly referred to as the...