Find papers and presentations on all emerging technologies, or specifically on the topics of distributed energy resources, electric storage, PEVs, research and development, the smart grid, and technology incentives.
An abnormal system condition that requires automatic or immediate manual action to limit or prevent loss of transmission facilities or generation supply that might adversely affect the system's reliability
Huntowski, Frank, Neil Fisher, and Aaron Patterson. Embrace Electric Competition or it's Déjà Vu All Over Again. The Northbridge Group, October 2008, 79 pages.
A cost that cannot be avoided by reducing output because the cost was incurred previously, such as the original cost of an asset (less depreciation, but including the operating and maintenance expenses and all taxes)
Electric Generation Association (EGA). Electrifying Change: Strategies for Structural Reform in the Industry. Emerging Operational Issues Committee. 1994.
Littlechild, Stephen. Electricity: Regulatory Developments Around the World. The Beesley Lectures on Regulation Series XI. IEA/LBS, London. 9 October 2001 (revised November 2001). Paper, 24 pages.
Willrich, Mason. Electricity Transmission Policy for America: Enabling a Smart Grid, End-to-End. MIT IPC Working Paper 09-003. July 2009, 43 pages (3rd item on the page).
